-manning



(Np Modei.) s sheets-sheet 2.

J. T. MANNING. F11-LTER.. f No. 594,637. g Patented NOX/ZO, 1897.-

,(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J'. T'. M ANNING.'

` FILTER No. 594,637. PmentedNov. 30V', 1.897.

1 (No Modem s sham-sheet 4.

J. T. MANNING.

PILTfR.-

" No. 594,637.' Patented Nov. 30, 1897,

`(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 5.

JAI. MANN-ING.

. V l 'HLTBR 10.594,637. y Patentedwov. 3o, 1897.

zal"

(No Model.) I u 8 Sheets'-Sheet J. T.fMANNING.

v FILTER. No. 594,637. Patented Nov. so, 1897. Fmxxxm; I y

FIEXXXV.

Nirnn STATES PATENT rincer f JOSEPH T. MANNING, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO T HE LOOMIS-MANNING FILTER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

' FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.V 594,637, dated November 30, 189'?.

' Applicationiiled December 13,1893, Serial No. 493,563.` I' (No model.)

ing granularbed filters with coagulaut-supply; but Aeach of the improvements constituting said invention is included for all lthe uses to which it may be adapted.

Inselffcleaning granular-bed filters Wit 'coagulan-t-supply, the .Water after receiving a small quantity of a-material, usuallyalum, adapted to eeet a precipitation orcoagulation of impurities in such water, is passed throughv granular material-like sand, for example-of greater or less .fineness, and from time to time this granular materialis cleaned of the impurities which it has removed from the Water by subjecting the said granular material to currents of Water adapted to break up the bed and carry oi the impuritiesnleaving the granular material in a lit state for another operation. It has also been customary to provide means'whereby the water which is first passed through the filter in the filtering direction after a cleaning operation can be diverted into a waste instead of being al-v lowed to pass into -the outlet for the purified water. The reason for this is found in the fact that after a cleansing operation the Water which for a time passes through the ilter-ing y material in the' filtering direction is apt to carry with it. more or less impurities'." 'When this filtered water becomes clear, it is allowed to pass to the pure-Water outlet. Sometimes means arey providedto-supply water which has been ltered for cleansing the-granular material. l Y v n In Vaccordance with'the present invention the current-reversing valves (wl1etl1er one or more in number and of anyknown or suitable description) forcontroliing the flow of water through a self-cleansingiilter having one or more chambers to wash the filtering material or to be itself purified by said ma teral are combined with a vfiltered Water valve (or valves, this part of the invention being general) for controlling the delivery to 'Waste or to house (pure-liratcr outlet) of Water which has passed through the filter or a chamber or chambers thereof in' the filtering direction, which filtered-water valve is so connected with the current-reversing valves as to occupy the waste position when these are in washing positionfbut has an independent motion when these are in filtering position, so as to occupy either'the house or Waste position at such times. lto one arrangement the filtered-Water valve is operated through abutting or loose connection which 'shiftsthe tiitered-water valve automatically in changing the currentre- According- Versing valvesI from the filtering to the Washing position, but allows the said filtered-water vvalve to remain in the Waste position thus given. On returning Athe current-reversing vvalves filtration krecomrnences, but filtered Water more or less pure) passes to the Wasteoutlet until the filtered-water valve is .returned. According to another or modified arrangement the filtered-water valve is alloWed a motion independent of the currentreversing valves by allowing these to stand st-ill or tomove idly during the shiftinglof tho filtered-Water valve, While 'aconnej'ction be-' tween the valves causes a'shifting of vthe filtered-water valve t-o'ih'e waste position prior to or in the act of eliEtigin-gftliecurrent-reversihg valves from iiltering to washing. In order to make this lafter arrangement still more like the former, a stop is provided which arrests or exerts agreater orv less check on.

theshifting of the filtered-Water valve' from the-wast`e -to thehouse position,'butjvhieh may and most yadvantageously does exert no check on the reverse change. VThis stop,

therefore, like'fthe butting connection, has' with ouin-ent reversing and filteredwater valvesin a compound-valve easing in one piece of metal, wherein are formed the seats and passages for said valves, so arranged that the filtered-water valve is adapted to open the house-passage independently of the current-reversing valves when these have been restored to the filtering position, Whether itv has an independent motion at other times or not. There is therefore no bringing of the said current-reversing valves into position to disturb again the filtering material in order to open the house-passage. The valves and their seats may be arranged in line with each other or parallel. According to dierent are rangements one, two, or more keys are provided for the valves. A very convenient old arrangement of filter and'filter-valves is to place the valves at one end of a filter-chamber and to connect with such end of said chamber a valve-passage adapted to admit fresh water to the filtcror to carry off wash-water or filtered water, as the case may be, and to connect another valve-passage by a pipe with the other end of the filter for admitting fresh water thereto or for carrying off the filtered water or washwa'ter, as the case may be'. The present invention comprises certain features of construction in a new or improved compound valve particularly useful in such an arrangementthat is to say, the compound-valve casing of the currentwreversing valves,with or without a passage for running filtered water towaste, is provided with filter-passages terminating in openings whose axes lie in the same Vertical plane, and with house and supply passages terminating in openings whose axes are horizontal and lie in a vertical plane or planes at right angles to the vertical plane or planes through the openings for the filter y connections, the fifth outside opening being arranged with its axis in a' vertical or in a horizontal plane, as may be preferred. This brings the various openings in desirable positions adapted to make the connections with a small number of fittings.

The cleansing of the filter may b e effected with water direct from the ordinary freshwater-inlet pipe, but it is an advantage to be able to perform the cleansing with filtered water. The invention comprises certain-.improvements in this connection. Twoy filterchambers are employed, which are connected with each other by a pipe or conduit at their. lower ends and with the Water-supply and waste by passages controlled by the currentreversing valves at their'upperends, and the bottom of one at least of said filter-chambers is besides connected with the house or pure-water pipe and waste through passages controlled byva filtered-watcr valve, which has a motion inde endent of the currcntre versing valves an is arranged alternately to open and close a house-passage and a wastepassage. The filtered water from said lastmentioned chamber may or may not have to pass throufh the other oham'ber before'or after reach ng the filtered-water valve en its way to waste or to house, the invention ad mitting of variations in these respects.4

By connecting the bottoms of the filterchambers with each other and their tops with the current-reversing valves the water can be directed down either chamber and' up thcother, and th uethe water filtered'in one cham- Y or tandem, and filtered water .from each or passes to times to another, and there are old valve apparatus which can be used for this purpose in carrying out certain parts of the present invention; but the latter also comprises a new combination of valves for this purpose-that is to say, two valves are provided which each have a supply-passage, a waste-passage, and

Aa filter-passage, and are ,adapted to connect IOO' the latter with each of the former alternately,

and in the passage from the waste-port of one of said valves is arranged an additional valve which controls the waste-passage from said valve, and an additional supply-passage is provided which is controlled by theA last-mentioned valve or by the current-reversin g valve, according to circumstances. l

In the arrangement with filter-chambers abreast and tandem, respectively, a filteredwater valve with three'passages opening into its seat is combined with one or more additional filteredfwater valves, and the invention comprises certain combinations including such valves.` f

Unless otherwise stated, the invention extends to the described valve apparatus with one compound casing or with two or more'` casings connected by fittings or otherwise and with the valves-independent of one anizo other-or more or less connected; but the in- 'lhe invention f urthcr com prises new means for making a tight joint for the valve-key around ts.stem.-

The granular material in filters has been placedin a filter-chamber of suitable size to allow the particles of such material to be separated `by the water in cleaning, so that the impurities which have been collected on the said material will be `released by the separatin of'the said particles and will be carried off by the fiow of waste water. In connection with such partially-filled iilter-chamber a sand-trap is provided in the present invention, arranged to collect whatever sand might be carried along by the force of the cleansing-current, while permitting the light impurities to pass on with lsaid current; and this sand-trap has such communication with the filter-chamber (namely, by-.a valved passage or opening) as that the sand collected therein may be returned to the filter-bed,

without handling, by gravity or bya current of water, or both. While a sand-trap outside` thefilt'er-chamber is not excluded, the better arrangement, itself constitutin ga special feature of invention, is to place the sand-trap in the upper part of theefilter-chamber, having at its lower end a valved passage or opening directly above the filter-bed. Various arrangements of valves'could -be used, (this Vportion of the invention extending to the use of valved openings or passages in generalg) but special improvements in this regard consistin -the use of a valve made automatic in its action by being adapted to be controlled by the flow of the water or by a connection with one or more of the valves or a valve-operating mechanism for controlling such iiow. Thus when the current forcleansing is turned on the valve-is closed automatically and the trap operates. to collect the sand or heavier particles from the outflowing or cleansing current; but when the filtering-current is reestablished the valve is opened automatically and the sand orother'granular filtering material which may have collected therein is returned to the filter-bed.

In a common form of granular-bed filters the filtering material rests against a screen,` and this screen has been usually constituted heretofore by a fine wire-cloth interposed between two sheets of brass coarsely perforated. The line cloth serves to prevent the passage of theflincr filtering material, while the perfora'ted brass plates support it and impart the necessary resistance to the pressure thereon of th'ewatej orthe filtering material. In this conncetion'the present invention comprises two,improvelncnts-that is to say, first,vin

stead'of using plain perforated flat sheetson opposite s'idesof-the finerintermediatejsereen.

perforated plates,- indented ordroulghened so as to furnish a 'large number of'supportingppints, are provided, which ,touchhe `intermerli ate.,s(frecn at short intergvals'and thus supportlthe same, while allowing afreerpas-v sagejof water :than would the fiat' plates h e'ref` tofor'e Vvempl oyed 'l and,1 secondly, v insteadof employing a wire-gauze for the fine screen, which gauze is apt to rot out very quickly, a perforated sheet-metal plate is provided, and in case such sheet fails to retain the particles of the ltering material (it being, in fact, preferred to use perforations of about one thirtysecond of an inch in diameter) a sand-trap is y or door being provided for introducing the coagulant. )Vhcnever it is 'desired to open the coagulant-chamber, the connection with the fresh-water pipe has been temporarily closed, and as this leaves the contents of the coagulant-chamber under pressure a valved outlet has been provided to relieve the pressure and thus to prevent the fluid in the chamber from squirting out when the chamber is opened. There is difficulty with lthis arrangement, however, particularly in the case of a valved pipe between the coagulantchamber and the waste in that the opening or pipe (hereinafter termed the coagulant-waste outlet) is apt to become clogged by the precipi- ISO tation or the crystallization of the eoagulant in the outlet.l To overcome this objection, there is in the presentinvention what may be called in order to'make this operation automatic (which is a special improvement) the outleta fresh-water flush provided, whereby the coagulant-Waste outlet can be washed out,and

IIO

valveis combined with a fiushing-valve in the same key or other device or in suitablyconnected devices, so that each time the liquid charged with coagulant .is discharged through the waste-outlet the samewill bev liushed with fresh water, and thus the clogging of the said coagulant waste is prevented.

AS already stated, the coagulant is contained in a closed chamber whose contents are under the pressure of the water-service;-

but as the `result of, turning on and off the valves belonging to the filter orin the house.

the pressure in the coagulant-chamber is varied, and the variation has-been heretofore utilized for the feeding of the eoagulant from the chamber into the fresh-water supply by the aid of a body of confined air, the coagu` lant passing from said chamber into the wal ter-supply as often as the pressure is lowered and fresh water passing into the coagulantchamber as often as the pressure is increased. Another mode of feeding the coa-gulantto the weter-supplyv has been independent of or less dependent upon the variations of pressure and involves a circulation ofy a small current of water through the coagulant-chamber. In each of 'these cases the coagulant-feed has been controlled by means of a small v alve, establishinga more or less f ree communication with the water-supply. IVhile, however, these two modes of regulation have been employed separately heretofore,they have never, so far as I am aware, been employed in conjunction with each other, and `one further part of the present in'vention consists in such conjoint employment.

Further, in accordance with the present invention the samevalve mechanism is utilized to regulate the coagulaut-feed aceordin g to one or both above-mentioned modes and also to control the coagulant waste and th e forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings1 which form part of the specification and illustrate what is considered the best mode of carrying, the invention into effect, Figure I is an elevation of a filter constructed in accordance with the said invention. Fig. II is a vertical section on line 'it' of Fig.. III, being through the axis of the filter-chamber parallel with` the plane of Fig. I. Fig. III 'is a plan View 'of the same filter. Fig. IV is a partial view in vertical section on line v of Fig. III on a larger scale. Figs. V and VI are viewsin profile from opposite sides of the upper part of the filter. Fig. VII is a plan on scale of Fig. IV of the coagulant-valve detached. Figs. VIII, IX, X, and XI are sections on lines fm', 11x, and :1:27, respectively, of Fig. VII. Fig. XII, Sheet I, isa sectional detail view, on a larger scale, of the new-or`improved filterscreen l Fig. XIII, Sheet I, is a sectional view showing a modified arrangement of the valve apparatus forming part of the invention. Figs. XIV, XV, and XVI are respectively a plan, a front elevation, and a Ipartial view in section of an arrangement (forining part of the invention) of filter adapted to be cleansed, by filtered water. Figs. XVII, XVIII, XIX, XX, and XXI are respectivelya plan, a front elevation, a partial view in horizontal section, and partial views in vertical section of an 'arrangement (forming part of the invention) of filter adapted to be cleansed by ltered water and having chambers to serve together for filtering abreast. Figs. XXII, XXIII, XXIV, XXV, and XXVI are tial view in horizontal section, and partial views in vertical section of an arrangement (forming partof the invention) of filter-chambers adapted to be cleansed by filtered water and to serve together in filtering in tandem. Figs. XXVII and XXVIII are respectively a plan and partialffront elevation of a filter sufficient to illustrato a modified form (forming part of theinvention) of mechanism for operating the filter-valves. Figs. XXIX, XXX, XXXI, and XXXII are respectively a plan and sections on lilies maar, mmm', and @armi/L' 7o of said Fig. XXIX, illustrating a modified ar rangement of filter -valve forming part of the invention. Figs. XXXIII', XXXIV, XXXV, XXXVI, XXXVII, XXXVIII, XXXIX, and XL illustrate aA modified ar- '75 rangement of valve apparatus, (also forming part of the invention,) Figs. XXXIII and XXXIVbeing partial elevations in planes at right angles to each other of a filter provided with such modified valve apparatus, Fig. 8o

XXXVadetail of the stop and are used therewith, Figs. XXXVI, XXXVII, and XXXVIII vertical sections of the valve apparatus on lines xm', xxvi, and vit', respectively, Fig. XXXIXaplan of' the same, and Fig. XL 85 a horizontal section on line actof Fig. XXXIV; and Fig'. XLI, Sheet VI, is a partial elevation, partly in section, on slightly different planes, illustrating a modifiedarrangement of automatic sand-trap valve forming part 9o of the invention. Fig. XLII, Sheet VIII, is an elevation, partly in section, of the valve apparatus of Fig. I detached. Fig. XLIII is a plan, partly in section, of the same. Fig. XLIV is a sectional View of' the lower part of 95 the filter of Fig. II in a plane at right angles t0 that of said figure. Fig. XLV is a partial View in elevation of the double filter of Figs. XVII to XX. Fig. XLVI is a view similar to Fig. XVIII with certain parts in section, ioo y and Fig. XLVII is an cnd view of the valve of Figs. XXXIII to XL with the cap and follower removed.

Referring to Figs. I to VI, in the filter-chamberA is the granular filtering material B, 105 partly filling said chamber and forming a bed upon the screen C. As shown, the water enters and leaves the filter-chamber by the ports 2 and 3. During filtering the water enters by the port 2, passes through the filter- Ixo ing material I3 and'screen C, and escapes by the port 3 and pipe 3*. I n cleansing the wa. ter enters by the port 3, passes through the screen C into the filtering material I3, lifting it and separating its'particles, and carries off 1 x 5 the impure matter through the port 2.

D and E are the current-revcrsing valvesm the valve D putting the top of the filter-cham-l ber in communication with the fresh-water pipe 4 or with the waste-pipe 5, according to 12o position of. said valve, and the valve lput; I ting the bottom of the filter-chamber in cbmmunication Svith the frcsh'- water pipe 4 or with the house-pipe 6. respectively a plan, a front elevation, a par- At F. is thefiltered-water valve foridivert- 125 ing the filtered'water or water from the bottom of the filter-chamber into the waste-pipe 5 or for allowing it .to pass into the 'housepipe 6. Y

The current-reversing valves D and E havgo operating-arms I and 8, connected with cach other by the link 9, and one of them provided with a handle `7*, ,and there is a loos.; or batting connection between the said open vwater valve F in the house position.

'the water'lto the waste-pipe 5.

ating means and the arm for operati'ngthe filtered-water' valve F, the connection shown being between the end of link 9 and the bottorn of a 'recess 11 in the arm 10. The current-reversing valves are shown in Figs. I andl II in the filtering position and the filtered- When the valves D and yF. are turned to the left, (the washing positiom) the same movement shifts the filtered-Water valve F tothe Waste position; but when, after such shifting, the eurrent'- reversing valves D and E are returned by the handle 7*' the butting or loose connection at 11 allows the iiltered-water valve F to remain inthe position to divert When the water has'beeome clear, asmay be seen through the glass 12` in the said waste-pipe 5, the

valve F is to be turned back to house position by hand, so as to allow the filtered water to pass to the house-pipe 6.

At 11* isa tailpieee which acts as a stop to limit the motion of the filtered-water valve or' of all the valves. The link 9, as shown', (see Figs. VI, XLII, and XLIIL) passes through and is pivoted in the lever-arms 7 and 8, and the shoulders at 13'of the arm 7 act as stops to limit the motion by contact with the link 9. yThe sameV arrangement is shown in Figs. XV, XVIII, and XXIII, the part bein g similarlyv marked. rl`here may be also similar arrangements forl certain additional valves, Figs..XV III and'X-XIII.

Instead of-usin g separate castings for valves D E F, Vconnected by the ordinary pipe-fittings, with which of course the operating mechanism could be used, the said valves are arranged in one compound easing having supply, filter, waste, and house passages formed therein, soarranged that the filtered-waterv valve F opens' the house-passage after the current-reversin g valves have been restored to the lterin g position without bringing them again into the cleansing position.

As-shown 1n Fig. II, there are supply-passages 14'and 14;', waste-passages 15 and 15',

intermediate passage 16, a house-passage 17,

and lter-passages-lt and 18. In the position 'shown of the valves the water frompipe 4 goes by wayof upply-passage 14, valve D,

. to iilterpassage 8 and the Water escapes by filter-passage 18', intermediate passage I6, and

house-passage 17 to -house-pipe 6. When the yeurrelit-reversing and filtered-water valves Av D EF are turned to the left, thesupply goes by supply-passage 14;', valve E', to filter-passagelS', and from` filter-passagelS by `valve D and waste-passage 15 to waste-pipe 5. When the current-reversing valves are restored, leavin gI the valve F turned to the left, Water goes by supply-passage 14 and valve D to filter-passage 1S; and from lter-passage 18" `by valve E, intermediate passage 16, and v. waste-passage 15" to Waste-pipe 5. In this pov sition the filtered-water valve F can be turned to the right and made to open the housepassage 17 without changing the direcl ion of the current through the Iilter-ehaniber.

In Fig. XIII and also in Figs. XVI, XX, and XXV the supply-passages are marked 14 with or Without an ,additional character, the waste-passages 15 in like manner, the intermediate passages lG similarly, the house-passage 17 only, and the filter-passages 1S with or without an additional character. In Figs. XX and XXV there are also additional valves E F F", the operation of which will be eX- plained later.

In Fig. XIIIthe passages i5 and 18" correspond w ll1 the passages 15' and 1S' of Fig. II, and the control of the filter-current and of the filtered water is substantially the saine.

In Fig. XIII the intermediate passage 16 forms a continuation of the waste-passage 15" in filtering to waste and of the su pply-passage 14 in washing, whereas in Fig. II it forms part of the Waste-passage 15 in filtering to `Waste or of -.the house-passage 17 in filtering to house.

In all the figures the filtered-water valve F is controllable independently ot the currentreversing valves D E when these are in the filtering position, and the same is true of certain additional valves in Figs. XX and XXV, as explained below. l

It will be observed that in all the figures of Sheets I to V there is one or more passages to Waste extending across the current-reversing valve E to join the waste-passage 15 Within the easing. Such arrangement is advantageous in this form of compound-valve apparatus. r

The waste-passages terminate in one outside opening and the supply-passage in one. There are also one outside opening from the house and as many as may be necessary for the filter-passages. IThese outside openings are adapted to be coupled to outside pipes or ttings. As shown, the filter-passages terminate in outside -openings whose axes are vertical, while two of the openings for the other pipes have their axes horizontal in ver-- tical planes at right angles to the plane through the axes of the filter-'passage openings. As shown in Figs. II, XIII, XVII, XIX, and XXIV, moreover, the filter-passage openings are at the bottom and the openings for the supply and house pipes at the back of the valve-casing. `Thus the pipes 4 and 6 can be,

connected directly from the back Awith said .valve-casing and the use of elbows avoided,

these beingmade by the arrangement of the passages in the valve-casing.

Referring to Figs. XIV to XVI, two filterchambers A and A are shown, and the filterpassages 18 and 18 are connected with the vtops o f the lter-chambers, (the passage 18 with the top of filter-chamber Athrough the pipe 20,) While the bottoms of lthe chambers are connected with the'lter-passages 18" vand 18*,` respectively, by pipes 3* and 21 and have. between them a connecting-conduit,

IOO

formed in this instance by the pipes 3* and` 21, passages 18" and 18*, and thevalveF. In the filtering position shown the freshweater enters the filter-chamber A by supply-passage 14, valveD, filter-passage 18, and leaves the same by filter-passage 18", valve F, and house-passage 17. -By throwing the three valves to the left the water will en ter-the bottom of filter-chamber A after first passing through the chamber A' in the filtering direction. Its course would be by the supply-passage 14', valve E, filter-passage 18', pipe 20, filter-chamber A', pipe 21, passag'e l8*, valve F, and pipe 3*. The wash-water from the top of chamber A would go by passage to waste-pipe 5. By returning valves D E, leaving valve F in the Waste (left) position, the lwaterafter passing through chamber A in the filtering direction would go to'waste by pipe he chamber A" by the passage 14", valve E',

3*, passage 18", valve F, passage 18*, pipe 21, filter-chamber A', (in the washing direction,) pipe 20, valve E, and waste-passage 15" to waste-pipe 5. Thus the filter A' will be washed ready for a new filtration. .The filtered-water valve F can now be returned withr)ut altering the current in filter-chamber A and will direct the filtered water from pipe f3* and passage 18" to house by thel passage 17 and house-pipe G. There is an advantage in having the valve F in the connecting-conduit between the bottoms of the filtersboth to close such conduit in filtering to house and also to apply other features.

` Referring to Figs.v XVII to XXI and XLV and XLVL two filter-chambersA and A" are shown'with their tops and bottoms connected as described forA and A' in Figs. XIV to XVI. In this apparatus valves and passages are arranged for the two chambers to filter abreastthat is, to divide the water` from the. pipe 4, passing part through the chamber A" and then sending the streams from both into the house-pipe 6-as well sfor'washing each with water filteredby the other. The normal po sition o1" positions for filtering. abreast is shown.` The water enters the chamber A by the supply-po ssage 14, valve D, and passage 1S, and thc filtered water, therefrom goes to house by the pipe passage A18", valve F, and housepassage- 17, while the water enters passage 1G', valve E, passage 18', and pipe 20, and the filtered water from it passes to house by way of pipe 21, passage l8*, valve Fiend house-passage 17 By turning all the valves to the left the-water filtered by chamber A" is supplied to wash the filter A. The unfiltered water passes by supply-passage 14', valve E, passage 18", and pipev 2O to-chamber.. A", (in the filtering direction,) and the filtered water from chamberA" passes by pipe 21, passage 18*, valve F, passage 18", and pipe 3* to the bottom of the chamber A, which it ascends in'the washing direction to escape by passage 1S .valve D, andI passage 15` to waste. When the water reaches thevalve F, it is prevented from escaping through the passage 15' by the additional valve F',which, being turned to the left, closes Asaid passage 15'. By returning all the valves but F the water will pass in the filtering direction through both filters, as in the normal position, but the'filtered water will pass to waste through passage 15'. The chamber-A" is washed ,with water filtered through the chamber A by turning the valves EF't'a :he left, leaving the valve F in the waste position. The water then, after reach' ing the valve F by way of the chamber A, (in

, the filtering direction,) passes to the chamber lever 22 of this key is detachably connected with lever 7 by the link 23 and pins 24 and 25, the latter being detachable. The shoulders 2G and-27 keep the link horizontal when the pin 25 -is detached. The valves E F' could be operated by a butting or loose conv nection, (as ,could the valve F- in these or in other figures by a detachable connection, each form of connection being to effect-a conjoint operation while allowing independent IOO motion;) but the detachable connection'is considered more advantageous for the valves E' F', because in washing the vfilter-,chamber A it permits the filtered water on reversing the circulation to pass to waste without going through the other filter-chamber, .01', in other words, cu'ts out such latterfilter-chamber at thistime and allows one filter-chamber to be thoroughly cleansed before reversing the current in the other. By using abutting conneetion for the valves F' E the passage 15' would remain closed and the passage 16' open to waste by passage 15" when the valves D E were restored. In that case the filtered Water from the chamber A would pass by passage 18* and pipe 21 to chamber A" in the washing direction and the vibration of the valves D E would alter the current precisely as in the arrangement of'Figs. XIV, XV, and XVI. Then on restoring the valves F' l' the filtered water from each chamber would go to waste, and on restoring the valve F the filtered water from .both would go to house.

Referring to Figs. XXII to XXV I, the filterchambers A and A" aro shown with their tops connected, as the two filter-chambers are in the preceding figures; but their bottom connections are altered, the bottom of chamber -A being connected with the passage 18* and the bottom of chamber A" ,with passage 18". In this arrangement valvesand passages are arranged for the two chambers to IIO ige

filter tandem-that is, for the filtered water from one chamber to be filtered again through water from chamber A passes through the the othervas well as for Washing each with water filtered by the other. The valvesl D, l, F, E', and F areV shown connected with the handle 7*, as in the preceding arrangement-that is to say, the valves D and E by a permanent connection, the valve F by a butting or loose connection between its operating-arm 1,0 and the end of link 9, and the Valves E F' by -a detachable connection through a removable' pin 25. The valves E F' are made in one key. The additional valve F" is, as shown, an .independent valve. A Its operating-arm is turned down, so that when 'said arm is moved to the left the valve F" is turned in the direction in which the hands of a watch move, whereas when the operatin g-arms of the other valves are moved to the left the valves are turned oppositely to the hands of a watch. The normal position or positions for filtering tandem is shown., The Water enters the chamber A by thesupplypassage 14, -valve D, and passage 18, and the filtered Water therefrom passes through pipe 3*, passage 18?", valve F, intermediate pas sage 16*, valve E, passage 13", and pipe 2O to top of chamber A", through which it is fiiered, and the now twice-filtered water passes y pipe 21, passage 18", valve F, passage 17, and pipe to house. By shifting theliandle 7* to the left, whichmoves all the valves except F, and then moving the arm of valve F" in the same direction the Water filtered by chamber A is supplied to filter-chamber A. The unfiltered Water passes by supply'pas- Vsage 14', Valve E, passage 18', pipe 20 to chamber A", (in the filtering direction,) and the filteredwater fromchamber A goes by pipe 21, passage 18"', valve F, passage 16, valve F", passage 181, and pipe 3* tothe'bottom of chamberA for washing the same, thewashwater escaping by passage 18, valve D, and

I passage to Waste. On shifting the handle f7* to the right and thus returning all the valves but the valves F and F" the Water passes in the filtering direction through the chamber A and escapes to Waste' through pipe 3*, passage 13, valve F", passage 16, valve F, and passage 15'. By operating valves D E E F back and forth the Water will be made l to fioW alternately inv opposite directions through the chamber A untilv its filtering material h :been thoroughly cleansed. On now removing the pin and turning valves D fE to -the rightl and E F',.With their operatingarms, to the left, leaving the Valves F and F in the left-hand position, the water passes through the chamber A in the ilterin g direction, and the filteredwater therefore goes-by pipe 3*, passage 18, valve F, passage 16", Valve F, passagelS", and pipe 21 to the bottom of chamber A", up which it passes in the washing direction t-o escape by pipe 20, passage 18, -Valve E, passage 15", and 'valve E' toswaste. By returning the operating-arms ofvalves E"FT 'F"' to theright the filtered -bers A A' or A A together..

, by said current in chamber A in the filtering direction, and thence by pipe 21, passage 18", valve F, passage 15', and valve F/ to waste. ily moving' theoperating-arms of the valves E' F' F alternately left and rightthe current is .passed alternately up and down the chamber A" until the filtering material is well cleaned. O11 returning the operating-arms of all the valves to the right the doubly-filtered water goes to house.

The valve F" instead of being' independent may be operated by a loose or a detachable connection from the operating mechanism of the other valves. A similar loose connection would be a chain arranged as shown in Figs. XXVII and XXVIII and hereinafter described with reference theretofthat is to say, the chain bein-g wrapped at one end partly around and secured to a hub on the stem of valve D and at the other wrapped partly around and secured to a hub on the stem of valve F", after the same manner as the chain is in Figs. XXVII and XXVIII.

It is desirable to connectthe filter-cham- As shown, use is made of the flanges at the ends of tubular sections of the filter, which arevlapped and secured by 'ii'olts to each other.

The sand-trap' G (shown arranged within the upper part of the filter-chamber A directly above the filter-bed, but to be used also in chambers A A") isprovided with a valve H, eontrollin g the outlet to the filter-bed. In

ICO

Washing this valve is closed, and the wash- Water-outlet port 2 is so placed that the Washing-current which enter the filter-chamber by pipe 3i: and iiows through the filter-bed in the direction to loosen up the same and carry off the sediment flows over or through the upper part of the sand-trap and deposits the heavy or comparatively heavy particles of any of 'the granular filtering material carried the still (or comparatively still) water of the said trap, while the lighter 'particles of the impurities or sediment collected from thewater in the previous filtration are borne along to the .wash-water outlet. f In order to increase the effect of' the sand-trap, the baille K is arranged in the wash -Wat-er current, so that the movement of theheavy particles is arrested or checked by vcontact with said baille, and they separate themselves more readily from the, flowing Water. As shown, the baffie is arranged under `the port 2, and there are guides or deflectors 29 to direct the Wash-Water against the baille K. .There are holes 30 above the baille. The sand-trap is shown support-ed by peripherieal' flanges 3l and provided with openings 32 fdr the passage of the water. The port 2 for the fresh water .to be filtered is arranged abo've the said trap, so that the direct course of the water to be filtered is through the out.- let at the bottom of the sand-trap. It fhereforey assists in 'carrying whatever of the filter.

ing material may collect in the trap back to the filter-bed and keeping the valve and valve; seatclean.

The valve Il is adaptedto be opened and closed automatically by the water. It is preferabl y of a specific gravity somewhat greater than water,so that it tends to stay Open when the water is at rest, as shown in full lines, Fig. I I. At 33 is a cage which holds it in the open position and permits the water to pass.

\Vhcn the valvesD and E are turned into washing position, the upward eurren'tof water lifts the sand-trap valve Il into the position shown in dotted lines, Fig. II, and is compelled their to pass over the outside of the said trap through the holes 32, against the`defleetors 29, against the baftie K., and out by holes and port 2.

At St is shown a cap of packing material (as felt or rubber) on the top f valve II. Should sufficient sand deposit on the Valve to open it against the upflowing current, the sand would run out and relieve the valve, so that it would close again. On restoring the valves D E to filtering position the current assists in opening the valve Il.

The screen C for the filtering material, as shown, consists of a brass sheet perforated with holes of suitable size, say one thirtysecond of an inch in diameter, more or less, and this sheet is placed between the sheets 35 and 25o of stronger brass, more coarsely perforated, the latter being indented or roughened, so as to form numerous projections and d epressions, and thus to support the screen C at points which are separated to allow the free 'ilow of water, but are yet close enough to give adequate support to the screen C.

At the bottom of the filter-chamber is a sand-trap L. It communicates with the interior of the filter-chamber through slots 3.7 and has a draw-off 3S. Its contents are protected from the direct action of water-currentsiby the overhangingmargin of button 39,

. the deleeting-walls 40 of the filter-chamber, the arrangement of the holes il above the mouth of the sand-trap, and the overhanging' portions 42 of the'iittingM. Should any of the liner particles of the filtering material pass through the screen, they will collect in the trap L instead of passing out with the filtered water. They can be drawn olf from time to time at 38., A screen of wire-cloth could be 'used between the roughened supportingplates of perforated sheet metal, but the screen of perforated sheet-brass is more ad' vantageous, as less apt to rot out. The use of the sand-trap allows a screen of largerperforations to be used, because itis not then necessary to guard so ca1'efully`against the passage of filtering particles through the screen. The larger perforations are desirable, particularly for Washing, as admitting the washinglfeurrent more freely into the filtering nmteriatK The edagulant-chamber N, as shown, is supi ported on the filter-chamber A and has a tightitting cover 43 with holdin g-screw 44, the latter being tapped through the yoke 45 on the coagulant-chamber. In the freshwater pipe 4 is a U-trap 4G, with the lower bend of which the bottom of the coagulant-chamber is connee'ted bythe casing 47, Fig. IV, of the coagulant valve or Valves. As shown, a coagulantwaste valve, a coagulant-flush valve, and two coagulantffeed 4valves are combined, as explained below, in the key I), seated in the easing t7 and operated by a handle 4S on the stem 49. -v

At is a graduated or marked are on which the pointer 5l indicates the position ofA the valve-key.

The passage 5S, Figs. IV and IX, is for connecting the bottom of the coagulant-chamber with the trap 46 of pipe 4. 'lhe passa-ge 53, Figs. IV and VIII to XI, is for connecting the front with the rear portion of the key.v

as shown, six principal positions-nainely, a

circulation-feed positi0n, an all-closed position, a regurgitatiolrfeed position, another all-closed position, a .fcoagulantflush position, -and a eoagulant-,waste position.' 'In the drawings the circulationfeed position is represented, the key being turned to the extreme right, and by 1turning the handle 51 to the left the other .positions will be assumed successively in the order named.

The valve for the circulation feed'is formed by the ports 59, 152,A 54, and `5G, and in the circulation-feed position these ports all register with their appropriate passages.' (See Fig. IV.) The fresh Waterfrom U-trap 4G enters the passage. 52 in the key P, passes through the registering passage 53 in the valve-casing, enters through the port 54 into chamber 55 of key P, and passes thence by port 50 and passage 57 into the coagulautchamber, where it ybecomes saturated with the coagulant of greater specific gravity, and whence it iiows through the feed-passage 58 and feed-port 59 and chamber 60 of key Pinto thewater in the trap, to be carried with such water into the filter. By turning the key B the feed-port 59 gradually closes until the feedv is entirelycut olf. The passage 57 -is formed, as shown, in a tubular projection of the Valve-casing extending into the middle of the coagulant-chamber. In refer- IOS( ence to the circulation feed there is an ad- The passage 57A, with those which in Fie.'

IV lead to the lower end of said passage 57, illustrates the valved circulation-passage,

which in general is a'passage' additional toma the passages 53 and4 57 in other positions of vIo - the valve: register separately witha waste pipe-or passage, so thatthe conduits which. at one "time make the circulation passage form Vpart of wastepassagesin other posi-l tions of the valve. -f he passage 5.2 makes the inlet of the circiilation-passage higher than themouth (left-hand end) ofthe key-chamber 60, Where the feed-passage 58'opens into the fresh-,water-'supply pipe. By turning the `keyrl so that the .port 59 no longer registers withl the passage 58 nor the ports 152 and 54 Withthe passage 53, the port '56 being also removed from registering with the passage 57,

Athe said vkey noccupies an .all-closed .position.

On turningthe key tothe left the feed-port 61. comes graduallyjopposite 4the feedopen ing or passage/58:'andas at this-,time-the .passages 53 land 57 4are closed by the Isolid n.part 5f 'the key the coagulant :is fed by reason of the variations of pressure in the coregulant-ehamber.v This is the regurgitationfeed position, the regurgitationsfeed val-ve being formed by the-port 61, Fig. 1X. For

- this mode of feeding rto work/a .-lbody of air should be confined in wthe top-offsaid chalnber, Whereaswith the circulation before mentioned thisis lessimportant; When, as shown, the.circulation-passage, as 'Well as the feed# passage, is open between'th'e supply-pipe and 55" a passage or opening a coagulantchamber Whichhasallodyofair confined therein, the, 'coagulant v solution is .fedboth by circulation (that is, bya flow in at the circulationpassage and out' at the feedpassage) and byvregurgitation, (that is, a iiow .A in and out at the same Ifeed-passage.) To adaptthe apparatus for Working thus by both modes, the circulation-passage 57, aswell as thefeedpassage 58, should terminate at its inner end far enough below the top of the cpoagulant-ehamber to leave -thereima volume of air Whose condensation under an increasing pressure in the fresh-waterfsupply pipe 4 will allow Water to enter the 'coagulantchamberby the feed-passage 58 and whose expansion undenadecrease of the Waterpresj surevrill force the cdagulant solution -out- .through lsaid passage'. Further turning of the key? to the left gradual-ly closes the feedpassage 58, and after it has cut it 0E altogether the key P assumes the other` all-closed position. A still further tu rn to the left brings the key to the coaguiant-ush position'lthe,

ports 152, npndgforminghe coaguiant-L flush valve. In this position, passage 57 l still beingclosed, the Hush-ports 62 and 63- register Wi'tn'theends of passage 53,whileatt-,he'sametime the wase-portfiregisters with 5 in the valvecasing,-

, -rOm which a small Waste-pillev leads to the casting at the bottom of the-glass 1 2 formed by the ports 68 and 64, FigX. -this position thepassage 53 is closed and lthe inthe main waste-pipe 5. The Vfresh Water flushes this pipe. By afurther movement of key P to the left the coagulant-waste position is'reached, the coagulant-Waste valve being relief-'port 68 registers with passage 57 while the\wasteport 64 is open. The fluid in the coagulantfchamberbeing under pressure escapes into Waste-pipe 5 until atmospheric pressureis obtained therein. In, this connection the 'upward extension vof passage 57 is advantageous, as serving to retain alarge part of .the -coagulantliquidiin the chamber, and its termination below the -top of chamber N .insures that a body of air will be present therein when feeding isresumed. Atthis' time Athe coagulant-feed` opening or passage 58 is closed,.as before stated, by the solid part of key-P.' The Ycontents of chamber Nr being now at atmospheric pressure said chamber can betopened, examined, and reiilled.- In

refilling with solid alurnthe liquid will bel raised above the top ofpassage 57, and more or lessof the liquid escapes, and when the flush-ports 62 and 68 are opened bythe return movement the coagnlant Waste 65 is iushedandleft clean. There is therefore no dangerosuch waste becoming clogged by the accumulation of coagulatin g material therein.

Furthermovements of the key P to the right bring the lv ;ariable-pressure feed and the circulation-feed'successively into action, each -being made adjustable by proper turning of the key P;

Alvalved passage, which serves to draw off the Water from the vicinity ofthe vcoagulant'- feeding passage58, asdoes the passage 65 When the Hush-ports 62 and 63 are open, can

also be utilized for keeping open the said feedf passage 58-'by the aid of a body of confined.` air (such as hereinabove referred to) in the following manner: lSuch valved draw leadsfrom a point outside the coagulant-feed valve, (formed by either of the ports 59 or 61,

for example,) which controls the said feedpassage 58, while the body of confined air is -on the opposite side of said valve--uainely,`|

in the upper part-of the coagulant-chamber N. Vlhen the fresh Water is running to Waste through the passage-58,*the feed-passage 5S is closed; but by propermanipulation of the valves the said passage 58 can be opened dir'ectly the draw-off isl closed. -By so doing' the, strong pressure developed in the vicinity of said passage 58 by the sudden arrest of the .water will be exerted in forcing waterviolently into the chamber N, through'the feedpassage 58, and compressing the eonned .bodymfairmi VVhe'n the effect of this Water` hammer has ceased, the air will expand again and make a strong now-out through the` feedpassagev58." This violent inflow andoutflow willsweep away particles which inight other wiseV clog the said passage 58.'l In a similar manner water may be forced by momen-,v

-tu'msthpough thepassagel v enters the filter-chamber A, (filter-chambers valves or the filtered-water valve or A A" of Fig. XX.) After passing through the filter-bed B and screen C of one or more filter-chambers the now filtered water escapes to the pure-water or house pipe 6. To clean the filtering material, the valves are operated as before described, (with or=without cutting off the coagulant feed toltrap 46.) The-current in each filter-'chamber in washing passes up through the screen C and filter-bed B, i

washing the filtering material and' carrying off the impurities. As the current automatieally closes the valve II the dirty water passes over the sand-trap, carrying with it perhaps some filtering material. In passing out it strikes the bafile K and the filtering material drops into the sand-trap G. The wash-water passes through valve-passages to the waste-pipe 5, as before described. Then thewash-wate'r appears clear or sufciently so in the glass 12, the valves are further operated, and when the water running to waste after passing through one or more filter-chambers in the filtering direction appears clear at the glass 12 the filtered-water valve or valves are turned, allowing the filtered water to pass to the house-pipe (3. If the4 c'oagulantfeed has been cut off in cleansing,itis restored before or after shifting the current-reversing valves, as may be thought desirable.

Referring lto Figs. XXVII and XXVIII, the operating-lever 7 of valve D is 4turned -.down and is provided with a stop-pin 69,

. connection operating in one moving in a curved slot 7Q. The valve E is operated through the partial gear 71, fast on the stem of valve D, meshing with the idler 72, which in turn meshes with the partial gear 73, fast on'the stem of valve E, and the Valve F is operated through the chain 74, having one cud wrapped aboutand fastened to a disk 75, which is fast on stem, of valve F, and the other end wrapped about and fastened to the hub 7G of idler 72. The parts are shown in the filtering position. In shifting the lever 7 to the other end of its course the valves D, IC, and F are simultaneouslyoperated, so as to bring the valvesD and E into washing po'- sition and the valve F into the waste position. The pin 77 acts as a stop to the tail of lever 1l' of the valve F. After washing, when the lever 7 is returned, the valves D and E are shifted back, but the valve F,.havinga loose directionA only,

Referringto Figs. XXIX, XXX, XXXL-ana jXXXILinstead of connecting .the current- .reversing valves D* E* for controlling the I flow of water through the filter by a link or in one key, and the supply, waste, intermediate, house, and filter-passages 14, 14*,15*, 15*, 165, l7*, 18i, and 18*, while differently Eshaped, correspond with the passages of Figs.

to VI,`(indicated by similar numbers withi out the asterisk,) and the filtered-Water valve iF* is operated in one direction by a fiexible geonneetion 78 (asa wire rope or chain) around .and fastened to the disk 80, fast on the stem i of valve F*, and the other wrapped aboutvand ifastened to the disk 81, fast on the stem of lvalves D* and An. elbow 82 is shown to ieonnect the pipe 3* with the valve-easing. @The valve F* is returned by hand.

Referring t'o Figs. XXXIII to XL, the curiDl* and E F are formed in one key, and the ,i supply, waste, house, and filter passages are imarked 14M, 114m, 151", i5***, 17**, 1s**, g and l8***. The valve D** has only one mov- .able port d, which is alternately put in comfmunieation with the supply-passage 1-f** or j the waste-passage 15**, the filter-passage 18** J being formed in the key and connected by the g pipe 3** with the top of the filter. The double f valve E F has ports a, b, and c and serves to i connect the filter-passage 18** with the lhouse-passage 17**, the waste-passage 15***, or the supply-passage 14***, according lto its position.

tering-to-house position. The water goes by passage 14**, valve` D**, passage 18l"*, and pipe 3** to the top of the filter-chamber A*, 5 flows through the same in the filtering direction, and then goes to house by way of passage 18***,'ports b a, and passage 17**. By turning the key through'the lever 7" to the extreme bottom, pass upward through the same in the washing direction, enter thel valve D** by pipe 3**, and go to waste by the passage 15M. liy bringing the key to a proper intermediate position the original connections of the cur'- rentreversing means will be restablished A* in the filtering direction, but the filtered water will pass from passage 18***, through ports Z; and c and passage 15***, to waste. Whenever the filtered water shows clear, the

upon the filtered water goes to house by passage 17**. By omitting the port Z) or the lport c the key would consist lsimply of eurrent-reversing valves; but the use of the additiona'l port makes of said key also a filtered-water valve. In order to permit the last-mentioned valve to be shifted to change the direction of 'the filtered water from waste to heuse without altering the direction of the Lremains in position'until lit is restored byv As shown, the ports are inthe fil gearing they are connected by being formed l lrent-reversing and the filtered-water valves ICO IIO

right the water will enter the filter A* at the and the water will go through the chamber key is turned again to the extreme left,where filter-current, the ports b and d are enlarged,

so as to allow an idle motion to the current-` reversing valves in shifting the filtered-water valve. The connection ofthe valves by making them in one keycauses the house connection to' be cut 0E automatically (as the loose -or 'butting connection for the filteredwater valves-of-preceding gures) prior to the reversal of the filter-current. By making thcports c and?) register with the passages 17 *it and 14*** a by-pass is for-med,1the lter being cut off andthe water suppliedby passage 14***, passing directly to the house-passage '17%.

registered with the end ofthe supply-pas sage 14M* or whether the said port c regisf teredwiththe end Yof the l1ouse-passage'17**.

Vith the valve apparatus arranged below the vfilter,as shown,'the 4waste-passage li* would be open to the' ilter through the port d and 'through thelwaste=passage 15*.*, since in this position of the key-D E F the supply-passages areboth cut off from the filter. Having been rangement of ports shown allows the by--passninety degrees; but the vsaid are isan aepassage 17W.

the by-pass is established by bringingV the vporte in registry with the en d ofthe house- Thi'swould relieve the filter of pressure'and would drain the pipe 3*l. By making the port c register with tlig. filter-passage -l8*** theV filter can be eniptiedi given this 'lterdraining position, the arto be'restablished by turning'the key D E F either to the right-or to the left Without fill- 3'5 in-g the filter again with water.

As shown'in Fig. XXXIII, the'pins which attach the ar'cAQO tothe filter act as stops to vlimit the arm'7. to an angular movement of cessory deviceand not of the essence of the valves, like' their keys and. easings, and it mayf'obviously be made' as long as the user of' the apparatusmay desire, or it'can be omitf ted altogether. In the are 90 isja stop 91,

consisting ofv -a' spring-pressed pin, with its nose, beveled onone end. Vh'en the lever 7" is to the'- leftA of 'chest-op, this latter. does not interfere with the motion of the .lever to the right, since the lever acts upon the bevel to push back th-e pin against the pressure of the spring 92. W'hemhowever, the lever is to the right of the stop, this latter checks it. if an attempt be made to move the lever past the -stop without-first withdrawing it. The head 93`of the pin is-adapted to allow its withdrawal whenV desired.; The stop is placed .to arrest v.the key in the filtering-to-waste position.

l Thus, as inthe case of the .butting' or loose connection arrangement, the attendantevhen iit i s wshed 'to clean the iilt-er can throw all the valves'at oncerto the right, and by mov-- ingthe operating-lever back and forth can alternatelyfchange the .filtercurrent Without sendingdirty water to house and Without requiring care to be taken by him 'to avoid such a result.I When, however, it .is desired to .gend l the waterto house, an additional opera- This would occur Whether the lport c tion, consisting ofthe remov'allo'fthestep and .y

further movement of lever 7",' (or the-.inde-v pendent movement by hand; of the lever of the filtered-water valve inthe preceding arrangements) enables -this to bedonel. The

useof a double valve like E F is not limited.

to' a Yone-key arrangement,jbut could be'use'd otherwise. 'For example, it could, with .a suitable changein one passage, replace the valves'Eand Fin separate keys employed,

say, in Fig. Il. In the apparatus of, Figs.'

XXXIII to XL improvements are shown in packing the'valve-stem, applicable also to the stern of any of the keys. Around the4 key is a shoulder 94, and the disk '95 bears vagainst the same, with a packing-ring 9G interposed, and has mea-ns, fonpressing it against the shoulder. Fu'rther,a stuffing-box. is formed by and between the disk 9 5 and the follower 97 arouudthe valve-stem. I This'follower could'be screwed or'l otherwise 'forced at one' operation the stuffing'- box and the packed joint at 96. It is advantageous, however, to lscrew this downindirectly by means of a screw-cap amd this latter is held from turning by any suitable meanse-as, 'for example, making it..

andthe disk with hexagonal or other angular or irregular figure and having them t in correspondingly shaped sockets'. With this arrangement the turning of the key has o tendency to loosen the 'stuffing-box. The

follower held from turning andkproyided with a swiveled screwfcap c ould be used in other connections-as, for. example, with a nut'in place of the disk and packing-ring.

Referring to Fig. XLI, the sand-trap valve H' is carried'by'a rod 83, passing through a guide 85, supported inthe sand-trap by arms,

the 'valve I- I isrnade to close the sand-trap outlet. f .Inconformity-With the requirement of the Patent Office for division certain claims to` .the valve arrangement of Figs. .XXXIII to Xlr have been made 'in a divisional applica! 'tion-to wit, in my applicatiomSerial No.

642,143, led' a's a continuation hereof J une A I claim as my invent-ion or disrfovery 1. vThe combination with a filter, and current1reve'rsin'g valves having circumferentially-disposed'ports in the 'key portion-of saithv valjyes, ef a filtered-waterV valve which ldown directly on the disk Q5, thus tightening i 98- or other holding means' y havin g-a swivel connection with Athe follower,

IOO

IIO

is arranged'to put the filtered-'Water outlet or bottom ofthe ilterin communication with a house-pipe when said valve is in 4one posi" tion and with a waste-pipe when it is in another position and which has a port-controlling connection with said current-reversing valves so that its waste position is insured when these are inl the washing position and is also permitted"or insured during their return to the filtering position, substantially as described.

2. In combination with a filter, and current-reversing valves, having distinct sets of cireumferentially-disposed ports in the key portion of said valves, a filtered-water valve which is arranged to put the filtered-Water outlet or bottom of the filter in communication with a house-pipe when said valve is in one position and with a Vwaste-pipe when it isin another position and which has a portcontrolling connection with said current-reversing valves so that its waste position is i-nsured when these are in the wa-shing position and is also permitted or insured during their return to the filtering position, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a filter, and current-reversing valves therefor, of a filteredwater valve which is arranged to put the filtered-water outlet or bottom of the filter in communication with a house-pipe when said Valve is in one position and with a wastepipe when it is in another position and which has a port-controlling connection with said current-reversing valves whereby the waste position of said filtered-water valve is insured when the first-mentioned valves are in the washing position, the said filtered-water valve being movable independently of them when these are in the filtering position, and provision being made against the careless movement of said filtered-water valve to the house position in restoring the. current-reversing valves to the filtering position, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a filter; and current-reversing valves therefor, of a filteredwater Valve having a butting or loose connection with the first-mentioned valves afjranged to shift automatically the said filtered-water valve to the waste position, leaving it to be returned independently, substantially as described.

5. In 'combination with a filter, a valve apparatus arranged at one end of said filter and comprising current reversing and filteredwater valves of the rotary-key class provided with circumferentially-disposed -ports and turning in` a compound ca sing in one piece-of metal with supply, waste, house and filter passages formed in said casing', a valvecontrolling connection being provided bctween the filtered-water and the currentreversing valves, and said valves being so arranged that the house-passage may be opened only when 'the current-reversing valves are in the filtering position and that suc-.hopening may be effected independently of the communications established through the filter by the said current-reversing valves,4 substantially as described.

G. In combination with a filter, a val'vc ap- -paratus at the end of said filter 'comprising eu rrent-reversin g and filtered-water valves of the rotary-key class provided with sets ot' circumferentially-disposed ports in a compound casing in one'piece of metal with supply-passages extending from one outside opening to different valve-seats, waste-passages leading from different valve-seats to one outside opening, filter-passages with outside openings, and a house-.passage leading to an outside opcnin g from a valve-seat from which a waste-passage extends, substantially as described.

7. In combination with afilter, a Valve apparatus arranged at one end ot said filter comprising current-reversing and filtered-water Valves composed of rotary keys with circumferentially-disposed ports'in a compound casing in one piece of metal with supply, waste, house and filter passages formed in said casing, said filtered-water valve being formed in a separate key from the current-reversing valves and having with the latter a port-controlling connection which is arranged to permit the independent operation of the filteredwater valve when said current reversing valves are in the filtering position, substantially as described.

S. In combination with afilter, an elongated valve apparatus arranged at one endy of said filter atrightangles to the axis ot' the latter and comprising currcntreversing and filtered-water valves composed of rotary keys provided with circumferentially disposed ports in a com pound-valve casing in one piece of metal, said keys Vbeing transverse to the length of said casing and said casing being provided in addition to other passageswith a.

branched waste-passage one branch of which extends from the waste-opening at one end of said easing to an adjacent valve-seat while the other branch extends fromthe same wasteopening over a valve-key to the seat of a key nearer to the' other end of said casing, substantially as described.

9. In combination with a filter, a valve apparatus at one end of said filter comprising rotary keys with three sets'of circumferentially-disposed ports and a compound casing in one piece of metal with valve-seats and passages as follows, namely supply-passages leading directly to two seats from an'outside opening, waste-passages leading from two seats to an outside opening, house and filter passages cach leading from a valve-seat to an outside opening, and a pV .ssage for connecting two Valve-seats with cach other, substantially as described.

10. In combination with a filter, a valve apparatus at one end of said'filter, comprising a rotary-key portion with filtered-water ports in'l addition to two sets of circumfe'rentiallydisposed current-rcycrsing ports and a compound easing in one piece of metal with keyseats and passages as follows, namely snploo 

